Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm cov xov hlau thiab cables
Hlau thiab cables yog tsim los ntawm peb txheej txheem: kos duab, twisting, thiab txheej. Qhov ntau cov qauv specifications, qhov ntau dua qhov repeatability.
1. kos
Hauv kev ua cov hlau siab, cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev yuam cov hlau los ntawm pwm (lub log siab) nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm sab nraud quab yuam, cov hlau hla ntu ntu yog compressed, thiab qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm qhov chaw seem thiab qhov loj me yog hu ua hlau kos duab.
Cov txheej txheem kos duab tau muab faib ua: ib qho hlau kos duab thiab kos duab twisted.
2. twisted
Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov yooj yim thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov xov hlau thiab cables, intertwining ob los yog ntau tshaj ib cov xov hlau nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia yog hu ua twisting.
Cov txheej txheem stranding yog muab faib ua: neeg xyuas pib stranding, cabling, braiding, steel hlau armoring thiab winding.
3. Npog
Raws li kev ua tau zoo sib txawv ntawm cov xov hlau thiab cables, cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb yog siv los npog sab nraud ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib nrog cov khoom sib txawv. Txheej txheej txheem cov ntsiab lus:
A. Extrusion ntim: roj hmab, yas, txhuas, txhuas thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv.
B. Longitudinal ntim: roj hmab, wrinkled aluminium strip cov ntaub ntawv.
C. Wrapping: ribbon-puab daim kab xev, mica daim kab xev, alkali-dawb iav fiber ntau daim kab xev, non-woven npuag, yas daim kab xev, thiab lwm yam., linear paj rwb xov, txhob lo lo ntxhuav thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv fiber ntau.
D. Dip txheej: insulating xim, asphalt, thiab lwm yam.
3. Cov txheej txheem yooj yim ntws ntawm cov yas xaim thiab cable tsim
1. Copper thiab aluminium ib qho hlau kos duab
Copper thiab aluminium rods feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv cov xov hlau thiab cables tau dhau los ntawm ib lossis ob peb lub qhov ntawm cov duab kos pwm siv lub tshuab nqus hlau nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, kom cov hlaws raug txo, qhov ntev yog nce, thiab lub zog yog txhim kho. Hlau kos duab yog thawj txheej txheem rau txhua lub tuam txhab xaim thiab cable, thiab cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev kos duab hlau yog pwm txuam tshuab.
2. Monofilament annealing
Thaum tooj liab thiab txhuas monofilaments yog rhuab mus rau ib tug tej yam kub, lawv recrystallize los txhim kho lub toughness thiab txo lub zog ntawm lub monofilaments kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm cov xov hlau thiab cables rau conductive cores. Tus yuam sij rau cov txheej txheem annealing yog los tiv thaiv oxidation ntawm tooj liab hlau.
3. conductor stranding
Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov yooj yim ntawm cov xov hlau thiab cables thiab yooj yim rau kev tso thiab teeb tsa, cov tub ntxhais hluav taws xob conductive yog ua los ntawm ntau cov xov hlau sib tw ua ke. Los ntawm daim ntawv stranding ntawm conductive cores, nws yuav muab faib ua stranding tsis tu ncua thiab irregular stranding. Cov stranding tsis tu ncua yog muab faib ua bundles stranding, concentric compound stranding, tshwj xeeb stranding, thiab lwm yam.
Txhawm rau txo qhov chaw nyob ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib thiab txo qhov geometric loj ntawm lub cable, tus neeg xyuas pib yog twisted thiab compressed nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, kom cov zoo tib yam puag ncig hloov mus rau hauv ib tug semicircle, ib tug kiv cua, lub pobzeb puab thiab ib puag ncig compressed. Hom kab hluav taws xob no feem ntau yog siv hauv cov fais fab cables.
4. rwb thaiv tsev extrusion
Cov xaim yas thiab cov cables feem ntau yog siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob extruded. Cov kev cai tseem ceeb rau cov yas rwb thaiv tsev extrusion yog:
4.1. Eccentricity: Tus nqi sib txawv ntawm extruded rwb thaiv tsev thickness yog ib qho tseem ceeb qhia txog qib ntawm extrusion tshuab. Feem ntau cov khoom tsim qhov ntev thiab lawv qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb tau qhia meej meej hauv cov qauv.
4.2. Smoothness: Qhov saum npoo ntawm txheej txheej extruded rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum du, thiab yuav tsum tsis muaj teeb meem tsis zoo xws li ntxhib nto, scorch, lossis impurities.
4.3. Qhov ntom ntom: Ntu ntu ntawm cov txheej txheej extruded rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum ntom thiab muaj zog, tsis muaj pinholes pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab thiab tsis muaj npuas.
5. Kab
Rau ntau cov tub ntxhais cables, txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau molding degree thiab txo cov tsos ntawm cov kab, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ntswj lawv mus rau hauv ib lub voj voog. Lub mechanism ntawm stranding zoo ib yam li cov neeg xyuas pib twisting. Vim lub suab loj ntawm txoj kab sib tw, feem ntau ntawm lawv tau txais txoj kev tsis rov qab. Cov kev cai rau kev tsim cable: ua ntej, tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb-zoo li tus insulated cores los ntawm tig thiab ua rau cable twisting; thib ob, tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm khawb.
Cov cables feem ntau yog nrog los ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm ob txoj kev ua tiav thaum lawv raug cabled: ib qho yog sau los xyuas kom meej lub roundness thiab stability ntawm lub cable tom qab cabled; lwm qhov yog khi kom ntseeg tau tias cov tub ntxhais cable tsis xoob.
6. Sab hauv ntaub
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov tub ntxhais insulated los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov cuab yeej, cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv kom zoo. Lub puab sheath tau muab faib ua: extruded puab sheath (lub tes tsho cais) thiab qhwv puab sheath (cushion). Cov txheej qhwv cushion hloov daim kab xev khi thiab ua tiav ib txhij nrog cov txheej txheem cabling.
7. armor
Cables nteg underground tej zaum yuav raug rau ib tug npaum li cas ntawm zoo siab thaum ua hauj lwm, yog li ib tug puab steel daim kab xev armored qauv yuav xaiv tau. Thaum tso cov cables nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas muaj ob qho tib si zoo siab thiab nro (xws li hauv dej, ntsug shafts los yog av nrog ib tug loj poob), ib tug structural hom nrog internal steel hlau armor yuav tsum tau xaiv.
8. sab nraud
Sab nrauv sheath yog ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem uas tiv thaiv cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov xov hlau thiab cables los ntawm corrosion los ntawm ib puag ncig yam. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsho sab nrauv yog txhawm rau txhim kho lub zog ntawm cov xov hlau thiab cov cables, tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion, noo noo-pov thawj, tsis muaj dej tsis zoo thiab immersion, thiab tiv thaiv kev kub nyhiab. Raws li cov kev xav tau sib txawv ntawm lub cable, lub extruder yog siv los ncaj qha extrude cov yas sheath.
