1. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv raw ua kom zoo
Kev xaiv lub hauv paus: Xaiv cov ntawv hlau raws li cov khoom yuav tsum tau ua, thaum xav txog tus xa khoom lub koob npe nrov thiab qhov xwm txheej tiag tiag. Piv txwv li, hauv daim ntawv hlau ua, feem ntau yog siv hlau cov paib yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab raws li lub hom phiaj thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom kawg 16.
Kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb: Thaum kev yuav khoom, cov ntaub ntawv raw los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas kom meej tias qhov zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw raws li cov cai. Qhov no suav nrog kev tshawb xyuas seb cov ntaub ntawv muaj feem thiab cov neeg kho mob ntawm cov ntawv sib ntsib cov qauv qauv.
2. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej siv zoo
Xaiv cov cuab yeej siv: Xaiv cov khoom lag luam uas muaj peev xwm txhim khu kev qha thiab cov khoom khov kho, thiab cov khoom khov kho, ntaus cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom siv no yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov ntawv hlau. Piv txwv li, siab-precision shearing tshuab tuaj yeem xyuas kom raug ntawm daim ntawv txiav qhov loj me.
Kev Txij Nkawm: Tsis tu ncua tswj thiab tswj cov khoom siv kom ntseeg tau tias cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Hnav thiab tsis ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv yuav ua rau ua kom tsis raug. Piv txwv li, hnav cov pwm ntawm lub tshuab puas tuaj yeem ua rau cov ces kaum tsis raug.
Kev Kawm Ua Neeg Ua Haujlwm: Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum muaj kev cob qhia kev tshaj lij, txawj ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej, thiab txhim kho lawv qib kev ua haujlwm. Kev ua haujlwm txawj tuaj yeem txo cov teeb meem zoo los ntawm tib neeg. Piv txwv li, kho haujlwm kom raug cov haujlwm tuaj yeem zam tsis tau xws li khawb rau saum npoo ntawm lub phaj.
3. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj kom zoo hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm
Txiav Txuas
Qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tseeb: Qhov tseeb txiav cov hlau hlau raws li cov qauv tsim nyog, thiab tswj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tso cai. Piv txwv li, hauv kev ua qauv hlau ua, cov khoom yuav tsum tau txiav kom raug. Rau qhov nrog sib dhos yuav tsum tau, qhov tseeb ntawm kev txiav qhov ntev ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau cov kev sib dhos ua ntej.
Txiav saum npoo Zoo: Ua kom lub tiaj tiaj thiab smoothness thiab tsis txhob muaj kev sib cav, thiab lwm yam no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws vuam, khoov thiab lwm yam txheej txheem. Piv txwv li, kev txiav tsis ncaj yuav ua rau tsis zoo haum thaum vuam.
Dabtsi Yog Khoov Lin
Lub Tsev Teev Npe: Tswj cov khoom khoov kom yog kom tau raws cov qauv tsim khoom. Qhov no yuav tsum tau hloov kho cov ntsuas ntawm cov tshuab dabtsi yog khoov raws li cov khoom xws li cov khoom siv thiab tuab ntawm lub phaj. Piv txwv li, thaum ua qee cov hlau sib xyaw nrog cov tswv yim nruj, ntau dhau kev sib txawv yuav ua rau cov khoom sib txawv uas tsis tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke ib txwm muaj1.
Dab tsi yog khoov lead zoo: cov kab dab tsi yuav tsum pom meej thiab ncaj, zam kev ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov tsos ntawm cov khoom.
Nias theem
Kev tswj siab: tsim nyog tswj cov nias siab kom tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam ntau dhau los yog cov kab nrib pleb ntawm lub siab ntau dhau. Yog tias lub siab yog tsawg dhau, qhov kev cia siab nias cov nyhuv yuav tsis tiav. Piv txwv li, thaum nias qee cov hlau hlau nrog cov duab tshwj xeeb, kev tswj hwm tau tshwj xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
Daim duab qhov tseeb: Xyuas kom meej tias cov duab ntawm lub phaj tom qab nias yog xwm yeem nrog tus qauv tsim. Rau kev nias ntawm cov duab nyuaj, siv ib qho pwm thiab kom cov raug ntawm cov pwm
Vuam theem
Xaiv cov txheej txheem vuam: Xaiv cov txheej txheem vuam tsim nyog raws li cov khoom siv thiab tuab ntawm lub phaj. Piv txwv li, Argon arc vuam thiab lwm cov txheej txheem yuav siv rau cov hlau stainless los ua kom ntseeg tau vuam zoo2.
Vuam Zoo: Ua kom paub tias lub vuam yog khov kho thiab pub dawb ntawm qhov tsis xws luag xws li pores, slag suav, thiab tawg. Vuam zoo ncaj qha rau cov txheej txheem txheej txheem txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom lag luam hlau. Piv txwv li, hauv cov khoom lag luam archabrion, vuam qhov tsis xws luag yuav ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb.
IV. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau cov khoom tiav tsim nyog tswj
Cov tsos tshuaj xyuas
Deg ncaj qha: tshuaj xyuas seb cov npoo hlau tom qab ua yog tiaj thiab du, tsis muaj pob txha thiab pob. Piv txwv li, hauv cov khoom lag luam archectural, cov chaw tsis ncaj yuav cuam tshuam cov tsos thiab kev teeb tsa tom ntej thiab siv.
Txooj khawb thiab burrs: Tshawb xyuas seb puas muaj cov khawb thiab burrs rau saum npoo. Cov kab mob no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ua tau zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom. Piv txwv li, hauv kev ua cov hlau plhaub ntawm qee qhov kev ntsuas cov ntsiab lus, khawb thiab burrs tsis pub.
Xeb: Tshawb xyuas seb puas muaj xeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau qee cov ntawv hlau cov khoom uas xav tau siv rau lub sijhawm ntev lossis hauv ib puag ncig tshwj xeeb. Xub yuav txo lawv lub neej pabcuam thiab kev ua tau zoo2.
Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Loj
Zuag qhia tag nrho loj: ntsuas seb cov khoom lag luam tag nrho ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim qauv, nrog rau kev sib txawv, qhov siab dhau los ua rau qhov tsis muaj peev xwm yuav tsum tau nruab thiab siv ib txwm ua.
Qhov luaj li cas: Rau cov khoom lag luam nrog lub qhov yuav tsum tau ua, xyuas seb txoj haujlwm, qhov loj me, thiab lwm yam ntawm qhov muaj tseeb. Qhov tseeb ntawm lub qhov chaw yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau qee cov khoom lag luam hlau uas yuav tsum tau sib sau ua ke. Piv txwv li, qhov sib txawv ntawm kev sib txuas lub sijhawm ntawm cov tshuab yuav ua rau sib dhos ua tsis tiav.
Neeg Kho Tshuab Tshuaj Xyuas
Lub zog tensile: tshuaj xyuas seb puas muaj lub zog tensile ntawm cov ntawv tais ua tiav tau ua tiav cov qauv kev coj ua. Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov qauv hlau uas txhav txhav txhav. Piv txwv li, cov Cheebtsam hlau hauv cov choj yuav tsum muaj lub zog txaus kom ntseeg tau kev nyab xeeb.
Tos lub zog: Tshawb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig lub zog los xyuas kom meej tias qhov tsis muaj nqi nyob hauv ib qho kev ruaj khov, uas muaj feem xyuam rau kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv kev siv tiag tiag.
Kev Txom Nyem: Txheeb xyuas qhov elongation kom nkag siab txog cov yas ua tau muaj peev xwm ntawm daim ntawv hlau. Rau qee cov khoom lag luam uas yuav tsum muaj qee qhov muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo, xws li hlau plhaub qhov chaw ntawm tsheb, elongation yog qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb.
Tshuaj lom neeg tshuaj lom neeg soj ntsuam
Cov ntsiab lus carbon: Tshawb xyuas seb cov ntsiab lus carbon rau hauv daim ntawv hlau ua tau raws li tus qauv. Lub siab lossis qis cov ntsiab lus muaj zog yuav cuam tshuam rau lub hardness, kev nruj thiab lwm yam khoom ntawm daim ntawv. Piv txwv li, cov pa roj carbon muaj siab tab sis kuj tsis muaj zog, thiab cov pa roj carbon ntau yuav tsum tau tswj hwm raws li cov khoom xav tau.
Cov ntsiab lus silicon, manganese cov ntsiab lus, thiab lwm yam.: Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv silicon, thiab lwm yam Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntawv. Piv txwv li, manganese tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog thiab tawv ntawm cov hlau.
Metallurgical Qauv Kev Tshuaj Ntsuam Xyuas
Lis loj: Tshuaj xyuas seb cov mov ci loj ntawm cov ntawv hlau ua raws cov qauv. Cov noob nplej loj yuav cuam tshuam cov khoom siv mechanical ntawm daim ntawv. Piv txwv li, cov ntawv hlau nrog cov nplej zoo feem ntau muaj lub zog siab dua thiab cov tawv nqaij zoo dua2.
Micphology: Khij cov morphology thiab cov qauv ntawm micptructure kom ntseeg tau tias nws ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom. Txawv microstructures sib txawv yuav muab cov ntawv hlau sib txawv kev ua tau zoo.
Nondestructive Testing
Nrhiav kom tau nrees kom paub: Siv cov txheej txheem kev sim tsis muaj kev sim tshuaj los tshawb xyuas seb puas muaj cov kab nrib pleb tiav hauv daim ntawv tais. Cov kab nrib pleb yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom. Piv txwv li, hauv cov ntawv hlau cov khoom hauv Aerospace teb, txawm tias cov kab tawg me me yuav ua rau muaj kev rau txim loj.
Porosity thiab xam phaj nrhiav kom tau: Tshawb xyuas seb puas muaj qhov tsis xws li pores thiab suav nrog. Cov tsis zoo no yuav txo tau cov khoom zoo thiab ua tau zoo ntawm cov ntawv hlau. Piv txwv li, hauv kev ua cov ntawv ntim ntawm cov hlau hlau nrog cov kev xav tau ntawm cov kev xav tau ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua, tsis muaj qhov ua tau.
