Cov lus qhia rau cov khoom siv hauv av thiab xob laim tiv thaiv
Tib neeg tuag txhua txhua xyoo vim yog xob laim. Thaum muaj cua daj cua dub, xob laim tuaj yeem xa mus txog 200,000 amps ntawm hluav taws xob hauv ib feeb. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kom nkag siab txog kev tiv thaiv xob laim yog tias tsis yog tsuas yog tuaj yeem ncaj qha hluav taws xob tawm tsam muaj kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg, vaj tse, thiab ib puag ncig ntuj, tab sis ntau zaus, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob puas tsuaj los ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob los ntawm cov chaw taws teeb hluav taws xob (ua los ntawm xob laim). . electromagnetic pulse los yog LEMP) los yog hloov cov haujlwm hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob loj.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej kom txaus, cov tsev thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav tsum siv cov khoom siv tiv thaiv xob laim thiab cov khoom siv hauv av tsim thiab sim ua raws li cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb zoo tshaj plaws. Cov txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb rau kev tiv thaiv xob laim hu ua IEC 62305 - "Kev Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob" (tseem lees txais raws li lub teb chaws tus qauv los ntawm ntau lub tebchaws), tshwj xeeb tau txais los ntawm Bureau of Indian Standards raws li IS IEC 62305, ib qho ntawm nws tshooj piav qhia txog kev tiv thaiv xob laim ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev yam tsis muaj kev txwv qhov siab Cov kev npaj, kev teeb tsa, kev sim thiab kev saib xyuas xav tau.
Kev tsim kom zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob (nrog rau cov huab cua terminals, down conductors, earthing) yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias lub tsev muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv los ntawm xob laim thiab lawv cov teebmeem. Hmoov tsis zoo, niaj hnub no cov tuam tsev feem ntau ua raws cov kab ke uas tsis ua raws li cov kev cai yooj yim lossis kev cai lij choj. Vim tias tsuas yog lub qhov hluav taws xob ntsug tsis tuaj yeem daws lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub tsev, tshwj tsis yog tias tag nrho lub tsev muaj kev tiv thaiv tag nrho siv txoj kev tiv thaiv lub kaum sab xis, txoj kev siv mesh los yog dov pob.
Tsuas yog los ntawm kev ua cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv xob laim ua tiav:
hom kev tiv thaiv
Kev tiv thaiv qib raws li kev ntsuas kev pheej hmoo
Cov khoom yog technically tsim nyog thiab ua raws li qhov tseeb IEC cov qauv
Qhov loj me thiab qhov ntev
Terminal qhov chaw thiab kev pab them nqi
Hlau routing thiab kev sib txuas
Kev ntsuas av tsim nyog thiab tsim nyog
Siv cov khoom xyaw ntuj kom zoo li cov downlinks, yog tias muaj.
Cov Txheej Txheem Tsim: Cov txheej txheem tsim qauv hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua raws li kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev teeb tsa sab nraud LPS.
Yog tias ua tau, tus neeg xyuas pib yuav tsum tau teeb tsa ntawm txhua lub kaum sab xis ntawm cov qauv.
Lub down conductor yuav tsum tsim ib tug ncaj qha continuation ntawm huab cua-termination conductor
Ncaj thiab ntsug thiaj li muab txoj kev luv tshaj plaws thiab ncaj tshaj plaws rau lub ntiaj teb
Loops nyob rau hauv down conductors yuav tsum tau zam, tab sis yog hais tias qhov no yog tsis tau, nyob deb "s" yuav tsum tau tswj.
Txuas cov conductors mus rau gutters los yog downspouts, txawm tias lawv raug them nrog rwb thaiv tsev.
Kev sib txuas ntau yam siv cov khoom sib txawv tsis raug tso cai.
Undersized conductors (cov ntaub ntawv tsis tsim nyog tau hais hauv Table – 5 ntawm IEC 62305-3) yuav tsum tau zam nruj me ntsis.
Thaum qhov kev ncua deb ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis tuaj yeem lav tau, qhov hla ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 100 square millimeters.
Kev sib cais hluav taws xob ntawm huab cua-txiav lossis downconductors thiab cov txheej txheem hlau qhov chaw, cov khoom siv hlau thiab cov tshuab sab hauv tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev muab qhov kev ncua deb "d" ntawm qhov chaw uas ntau dua qhov kev sib cais deb "s".
S'=(Ki) x {Kc/Km} x L
hauv:
Ki - nyob ntawm qib LPS xaiv
Kc - nyob ntawm qhov hluav taws xob tam sim no ntws los ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib
Km - nyob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev
L - Ntev nyob rau hauv meters raws li huab cua-tawm los yog downconductor los ntawm qhov kev sib cais deb mus rau qhov ze tshaj plaws EPB point yuav tsum tau muab coj mus rau hauv tus account.
Cov Qauv (IEC): Lub International Electrotechnical Commission tsim thiab tshaj tawm cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb rau txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam thev naus laus zis thiab yog lub koom haum ua haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb hauv kev ua haujlwm.
IEC 62305 - Kev tiv thaiv xob laim yog cov ntaub ntawv qib siab tshaj plaws uas qhia txog kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob thoob ntiaj teb.
UL thiab CSA yog North American daim ntawv pov thawj lub cev uas tau ua raws li hauv Tebchaws Meskas, Canada thiab lwm qhov hauv ntiaj teb.
UL 467: Cov khoom siv hauv av thiab Bonding,
UL 96A: Kev Txhim Kho Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob rau Kev Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Xob thiab C22 yog ob peb tus qauv tseem ceeb hauv daim teb no.
Cov kab hauv qab: Kev tiv thaiv hauv av thiab xob laim yuav tsum tau teeb tsa kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab tiv thaiv cov tsev thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm xob laim.
